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Followers – 19 million
Founder – Kim Il Sung, 1950’s
View of God – None
Followers – 23 million, chiefly in Punjab, India
Founder – Guru Nanak, 1469
View of God – Monotheism
View of the Afterlife – Transmigration of the soul (reincarnation) and eventual merging with the divine
Means to God – The Five “K’s”:
1. Kesa (“long hair”)
2. Kangha (“comb”)
3. Kacha (“short pants”)
4. Kachu (“metal bracelet”)
5. Kirpan (“weapon”)
Followers – 100 million, in Africa plus places where Africans were enslaved
View of God – Animism/Polytheism
Means to God – Sacrifices
Followers – 300 million, including shamans (Siberia) and pagans (in Asia and India) and smaller, pre-literate tribal belief systems
Views – Similar to #8
Followers – 376 million
Founder – Siddharta Gautama (563-483 BC)
View of God – No belief in personal creator God
View of Afterlife: Reincarnation based on karma until achieving Nirvana (“snuffed out like a candle”)
Means to God – The Four Noble Truths
1. Life means suffering.
2. The origin of suffering is attachment.
3. The cessation of suffering is attainable.
4. The Eightfold Path to the cessation of suffering.
Followers – 394 million mostly in China and where Chinese live
Founders – Lao-Tse (604-531 BC) and Confucius (551-479 BC)
View of God – No particular deity/impersonal force (though Lao-Tse did become venerated generations later)
Means to God – Not stressed, more of an ethical system than a religious one
Followers – 900 million
Founded – 1800-1000 BC
View of God – Pantheism (belief that the whole of reality is divine or god)
View of Afterlife – Reincarnation until achieving Nirvana (“snuffed out like a candle”)
Means to God – The Transmigration of Souls/Reincarnation/Karma
Followers – 1.1 billion (nonreligious Westerners, agnostics and atheists in current and formerly-communist countries)
View of God – None
View of Afterlife – None
Followers – 1.3 billion
Founder – Mohammed between AD610-632
View of God – Monotheism, Allah
Means to God – The Five Pillars of Islam
2. Prayer five times a day.
3. The giving of alms to the poor.
4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan.
5. The hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca, at least once in the lifetime.
View of the Afterlife: Paradise
1 – Christianity (33%)
Followers – 2 billion
Founder – Jesus Christ
View of God – Monotheism
Means to God – Atonement/Substitution
View of Afterlife - Heaven